Under the Austrian educational system, it is compulsory for all children to attend school for at least 9 years for the age of 6 upwards. All children permanently resident in Austria must attend school there, whatever their nationality. Permanent residence for educational purposes is defined as living in Austria for at least one evaluation period, which is around 5 months.

Education in Austrian state schools is free of charge. The Austrian school year starts in September, and consists of two semesters.

The public school system in Austria is divided into:

Elementary school - 4 years
Secondary school or grammar school - 4 years or 8 years respectively
Vocational school - optional for up to 5 years, after 4 years in secondary or grammar school

In addition to the public schools, there are also German and foreign language private schools).

There are also a number of private international schools in Austria, the majority of which are in Vienna. These generally follow the British or American school systems. Additionally, there are a number of schools catering to particular nationalities or religious groups. Most private schools are fee-paying.

Home-schooling is allowed under Austrian law, but the approval of the district school inspector must be obtained.