Non-residents can legally secure mortgage financing for property in Morocco, and a number of prominent local banks actively extend lending products to foreign buyers. The process tends to be more involved and more expensive than in many comparable markets: anticipate a higher deposit requirement, an extensive documentation burden, and mid-range interest rates. That said, with thorough preparation and the right professional support, qualified buyers can successfully finance a property purchase in Morocco.
| Item | Details |
|---|---|
| Mortgage availability for foreigners | Yes — major Moroccan banks offer mortgages to qualified non-residents (as of 2025) |
| Typical deposit (non-resident) | 20%–50% of property value; most lenders prefer 30% (as of 2025) |
| Interest rates for foreign borrowers | Approximately 4%–6% fixed; variable rates from ~3.75% (as of September 2025) |
| Maximum loan term (non-resident) | Up to 20 years; up to 25 years for resident foreigners (as of 2025) |
| Typical purchase closing costs | 6%–12% of purchase price, including registration tax, notary fees, and stamp duty (as of 2025) |
| Key official sources | Bank Al-Maghrib (central bank), ANCFCC (land registry), Direction Générale des Impôts (DGI) / Office des Changes |
Can foreign nationals get a mortgage from a local bank or lender in Morocco?
As of September 2025, the majority of Morocco’s leading banks actively provide mortgage products to eligible foreign buyers, making property financing a genuine possibility for non-residents who satisfy the required criteria. There are no blanket legal prohibitions preventing foreign nationals from borrowing through Moroccan institutions, and the lending landscape has become increasingly open in recent years.
BMCE Bank (Bank of Africa) and Attijariwafa Bank have established the most comprehensive international client services for overseas property buyers. BMCE Bank runs dedicated “Moroccans of the World” divisions that cater to both diaspora Moroccans and other foreign nationals. Crédit du Maroc is another well-regarded institution offering mortgage solutions to non-residents, with a specialist team to guide overseas applicants through their applications and help structure their financial arrangements.
Attijariwafa Bank maintains international banking divisions with in-depth familiarity with European banking systems and the nuances of foreign income verification. These banks understand European employment contracts, social insurance frameworks, and business ownership structures — a practical benefit when assembling your application file with documentation sourced from abroad.
Foreign buyers in Morocco generally face two primary mortgage routes: a loan denominated in Moroccan Dirhams (MAD), which is the option offered by most local banks, or a loan in a foreign currency such as euros or dollars, which is reserved for certain categories of expatriate or non-resident borrower. Each approach carries distinct implications for interest rates, currency exposure, and banking conditions.
The great majority of real estate lending in Morocco is arranged through regulated institutions such as banks. Interest rates are structured as either fixed for a defined period or variable. The baseline rate is set periodically by Morocco’s central bank, Bank Al-Maghrib. Morocco does not operate a mainstream Islamic finance mortgage market in the manner of some Gulf states — interest-bearing mortgages are the standard product, and foreign buyers will not encounter a widespread Sharia-compliant alternative requiring separate navigation.
Property finance intermediaries such as CAFPI Maroc specialise in serving international buyers and can present distinctive financing products as alternatives to standard bank loans. Engaging a local mortgage broker can help you compare offers across multiple lenders and strengthen your negotiating position.
What deposit or down payment is typically required for a foreign buyer in Morocco?
Moroccan banks generally require non-resident buyers to contribute a down payment of between 20% and 35% of the property’s value, with most lenders settling on 30% as their standard benchmark. This is considerably higher than the norms in many Western mortgage markets, where first-time buyers can sometimes secure a loan with as little as 5% or 10% down.
The lending conditions applied to non-residents differ meaningfully from those extended to Moroccan residents. Banks frequently demand additional assurances from foreign applicants, such as a substantial upfront deposit — often falling between 30% and 50% of the purchase price. Overseas buyers must also demonstrate stable income originating outside Morocco and, in certain circumstances, agree to channel a portion of their earnings through a Moroccan account.
A non-resident can successfully obtain a Moroccan mortgage provided specific conditions are met: establishing a convertible dirham account and providing a minimum down payment of 30% in foreign currency. Meeting this threshold is important not only for loan approval but also for securing the repatriation guarantee — the mechanism that permits the borrower to transfer sale proceeds back to their home country upon eventual resale. This is one of the most compelling reasons to meet the deposit floor, as it directly protects your future financial flexibility.
The larger your personal contribution, the greater your chances of securing a competitive interest rate and having your application approved promptly. Factors including your residency status, the nature of the property, and the additional guarantees you can offer — such as a foreign bank guarantee or evidence of substantial and consistent income — all determine where within the 20%–50% range a lender will set their requirement. Always confirm current deposit thresholds directly with your chosen bank or with Bank Al-Maghrib, Morocco’s central bank and financial regulator.
What interest rates and loan terms are available to foreign borrowers in Morocco?
As of September 2025, mortgage interest rates for foreign borrowers in Morocco generally fall between 4% and 6% per annum, with most banks offering both fixed and variable rate structures to non-resident applicants. Fixed-rate mortgages are the more popular choice among overseas buyers, delivering consistent monthly repayments throughout the life of the loan. These fixed rates typically sit between 4.5% and 6%, varying according to the loan size, duration, and the borrower’s overall financial standing.
Variable rates begin lower, in the range of 3.75%–5%, but are subject to movement in line with Bank Al-Maghrib’s benchmark rate decisions. Most foreign buyers gravitate towards fixed-rate products for ease of budgeting — a preference that mirrors trends in many European markets, where the certainty of an unchanging monthly payment is particularly valuable when primary income is earned in a different currency.
Bank Al-Maghrib recorded average lending rates of around 5.08% in late 2024, though foreign borrowers should realistically expect to pay between 5.5% and 7.0% owing to the risk premiums applied to non-resident profiles. These are indicative figures — always request tailored quotations from several lenders, since the rate you are actually offered will hinge on your individual financial profile, the size of your deposit, and the quantum of the loan.
Maximum loan durations for non-residents typically reach 20 years, although certain banks will extend this to 25 years for resident foreigners. Longer terms attract slightly higher rates, and most foreign buyers opt for terms of 15 to 20 years to strike a workable balance between monthly repayment amounts and total interest paid. This is notably shorter than the 25–30 year terms common in many Western markets, so buyers should account for correspondingly higher monthly obligations in their financial planning.
A subset of Moroccan banks does offer loans denominated in foreign currencies, usually euros or dollars. This type of financing is less prevalent and is primarily accessible to expatriates or investors whose earnings are in a foreign currency. It can help insulate borrowers from exchange rate exposure when income and mortgage repayments are in the same currency, and some banks may view a foreign currency application more favourably where the borrower can demonstrate stable high earnings in a strong currency. However, foreign currency loans are uncommon and typically demand a strong financial profile characterised by high, stable income.
Current rates and loan conditions can be verified directly with individual lenders or through Bank Al-Maghrib’s official website, which publishes regular surveys of lending rates across the sector.
What documents and eligibility criteria do foreign nationals need to apply for a mortgage in Morocco?
Foreign applicants are typically required to submit documentation covering proof of income, a valid passport, and in some cases evidence of a residency permit. Most lenders will additionally require a significant down payment, generally ranging from 30% to 50% of the property’s value.
The standard documentation checklist for an overseas mortgage applicant includes:
- Valid passport and, where relevant, residency or visa documentation
- Recent payslips (typically covering the preceding three to six months) or audited accounts for self-employed individuals
- Bank statements from all accounts covering the past six months
- The most recent tax returns from your country of residence
- An employment contract or evidence of business ownership
- Proof of the origin of down payment funds
- Details of the property to be purchased, including the preliminary sales agreement (compromis de vente)
Banks carry out feasibility assessments examining income consistency, debt-to-income ratios, and the sufficiency of offered guarantees, including life insurance coverage and mortgage registration against the property. The maximum debt service ratio varies by income level — typically 35% where monthly income does not exceed 20,000 MAD — as of 2024. Verify current thresholds with individual lenders, as these parameters can change over time.
To avoid unnecessary delays, applicants should ensure all documents are appropriately translated into French or Arabic, notarised, and apostilled in line with Moroccan requirements before submission. Moroccan banks have no access to overseas credit bureaux, so they assess an international borrower’s creditworthiness through the quality and consistency of documented income, declared assets, and the guarantees on offer — not through a credit score. A well-organised, clearly evidenced application file substantially improves the likelihood of approval.
Banks may require supplementary guarantees such as a guarantee from a foreign financial institution, a mortgage over an existing property, or confirmation that the applicant’s salary is at least double the anticipated monthly repayment. Once the application file is complete, the bank conducts its feasibility study — a process that can take anywhere from two to six weeks.
Property insurance is compulsory when a mortgage is involved and typically costs between 0.2% and 0.5% of the property value annually. Life and disability insurance linked to the outstanding loan balance is also generally mandated as a condition of borrowing.
Are there any restrictions on the types of property foreign nationals can finance in Morocco?
Morocco imposes no restrictions on the categories of property that foreign nationals may own, permitting a broad spectrum of investment including residential, commercial, and luxury real estate. Mortgage financing broadly follows the same principle — banks will consider lending against apartments, villas, riads, and commercial properties alike.
However, the ownership of agricultural land is subject to specific constraints. Foreigners are generally unable to acquire agricultural land directly, as Moroccan law seeks to protect the interests of domestic farmers and preserve local agricultural capacity. This restriction flows naturally through to financing: where you cannot legally hold the land, no Moroccan bank will extend mortgage credit against it.
The agricultural land restriction carries a practical implication for buyers considering villa plots on the fringes of urban centres, which may be legally classified as agricultural even where they appear residential in character. If your target property sits outside the urban perimeter, confirming the zoning classification before proceeding is not a formality — it is a fundamental due diligence step.
While foreigners can generally purchase freehold property in most parts of Morocco, certain sensitive areas may be subject to additional limitations. Zones in proximity to borders, military installations, or other strategic sites may be off-limits for foreign ownership on national security grounds. Agricultural land in rural areas or near sensitive locations may also present access difficulties for overseas investors.
The titre foncier (registered land title) represents the gold standard for secure ownership in Morocco, and properties lacking this registration are considerably harder to resell or borrow against in future. Banks will in practice only lend against properties with a clean, registered title. The official authority for verifying title and ownership history is the Agence Nationale de la Conservation Foncière, du Cadastre et de la Cartographie (ANCFCC) — Morocco’s national land registry. Confirming a property’s legal status with this body before committing to a purchase is essential.
Are there government schemes, developer financing, or alternative routes to financing property in Morocco?
The Moroccan government has put in place a number of mechanisms to encourage real estate investment, including arrangements between the state and local banks that provide government-backed guarantees for qualifying borrowers. These schemes are primarily directed at Moroccan citizens and the Moroccan diaspora (known as MREs — Moroccans Residing Abroad), though certain elements may be accessible to qualifying foreign nationals.
BMCE Bank of Africa offers flexible loan packages with fixed or variable rate options, covering up to 80% of a property’s value and with repayment periods extending to 25 years for MRE customers. Attijariwafa Bank has an MRE-specific package combining financing with administrative and legal support. Banque Populaire, which maintains a significant international presence, has developed a product called “Bladi MRE” that incorporates personalised tax and estate planning guidance. Non-Moroccan foreign buyers should check directly with these institutions to understand which elements of such packages they may be eligible to access.
Some developers and real estate agencies in Morocco put together financing arrangements featuring reduced deposit requirements for particular properties or developments. These can make entry more accessible for both domestic and overseas buyers, so investigating a range of options is worthwhile. Developer payment plans — particularly for off-plan (VEFA) purchases — are reasonably established in Morocco’s new-build sector and can allow buyers to spread payments over the construction timeline without the need for a conventional bank mortgage.
Vendor financing — where the seller extends credit directly to the purchaser — exists as a niche arrangement in Morocco but carries elevated legal risk in the absence of robust contractual safeguards. Any such arrangement should be reviewed by an independent notary or legal adviser before any documentation is signed.
Can foreign nationals use overseas financing to fund a purchase in Morocco?
Although Moroccan banks do provide mortgages to overseas investors, many buyers instead opt to arrange financing through their home-country lenders, drawn by more familiar terms and potentially lower rates. This is a fully legitimate and frequently used approach — releasing equity from a property in your home country, or taking out a personal or secured loan overseas, and transferring the proceeds to Morocco to fund the purchase outright or supplement a smaller Moroccan mortgage.
Some buyers prefer to carry debt in their home currency through their domestic bank, while others explore Moroccan lending options. Growing links between Moroccan and international banking institutions have made cross-border financing increasingly straightforward. If you hold borrowing in your home currency, it is important to recognise the exchange rate risk this creates: should the Moroccan dirham strengthen relative to your income currency over time, the effective cost of your repayments rises accordingly.
Mortgages can be arranged through French banks as well as Moroccan institutions, subject to certain conditions being satisfied. International mortgage brokers with expertise in cross-border property finance are another avenue worth exploring, as they sometimes have access to lenders with established Morocco property loan portfolios.
When funding a purchase with overseas money, the critical legal requirement is documentation. Foreign buyers must declare the transaction to Morocco’s Exchange Office (Office des Changes) when importing funds from abroad for a property purchase. This declaration establishes compliance with foreign exchange regulations and must be completed within the prescribed timeframes. Failing to handle this step correctly can jeopardise your ability to repatriate sale proceeds in the future — see the currency section below for full details. The Office des Changes website sets out the official framework governing foreign investment transactions.
Are new property owners liable for any outstanding debts or charges on a property in Morocco?
Due diligence is an indispensable stage in any Moroccan property transaction, entailing a thorough review of the legal, financial, and physical condition of a property before the purchase is finalised. This process confirms that the seller holds genuine title, establishes that the property is free of legal complications — such as disputes, outstanding debts, or encumbrances that could compromise your ownership rights — and verifies compliance with applicable local regulations.
Morocco does not operate a title insurance framework of the kind found in North America, where a single policy can provide cover for undiscovered title defects arising after completion. Protection instead comes through the notarial system and the land registration process. A notary is legally required to oversee property transactions, verifying the legitimacy of ownership rights, confirming that title is unencumbered, and ensuring that all associated fees and taxes are discharged.
The notary examines the validity of the property’s title deed, confirms the absence of encumbrances or ownership disputes, and verifies the seller’s legal authority to transfer the property. As part of this process, the notary requests an ownership extract from the ANCFCC to identify the registered owner and any charges, and checks planning consents and zoning designations. You should insist that this verification is fully completed before any final deed is executed.
Prior to completing a purchase, it is essential to conduct thorough checks: confirm the title deed and satisfy yourself that there are no outstanding disputes or mortgages against the property; review any building permits and verify that the property conforms to planning regulations; commission a technical survey of the property’s condition; and confirm that the seller is current on all taxes and charges relating to the asset.
Instructing a lawyer is not a legal requirement for property transactions in Morocco, but it is strongly advisable for foreign buyers. Although Moroccan law does not mandate legal representation, the complexity of property registration and ownership verification processes makes professional legal advice highly valuable for buyers unfamiliar with local procedures. A lawyer can verify title, ensure compliance with foreign ownership rules, review contracts, and flag potential issues before they escalate into problems.
Ownership records and encumbrances can be verified directly with the ANCFCC (Agence Nationale de la Conservation Foncière, du Cadastre et de la Cartographie), Morocco’s official land registry.
What taxes and additional costs should foreign buyers budget for when financing property in Morocco?
As of September 2025, total closing costs for a Moroccan property purchase typically fall between 8% and 12% of the property’s value, making it vital to understand each element before committing. For financed purchases, mortgage arrangement costs add a further layer to this outlay.
The principal cost components are as follows:
| Cost | Rate / Amount | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Registration tax (droits d’enregistrement) | 4% (standard residential); 3% (social housing); 5%+ (undeveloped land) | Registration fees are currently set at 4% of the property value for standard residential acquisitions. Social housing attracts a reduced rate of 3%, while undeveloped land is subject to higher rates of 5% or above. |
| Land conservation fees (conservation foncière) | 1.5% + 200 MAD fixed fee | Land conservation fees amount to a further 1.5% of the purchase price, with a fixed charge of 200 MAD for the issuance of property certificates. |
| Stamp duty | 1% | The 1% stamp duty rate applies consistently across different property types and values. |
| Notary fees | 1%–1.5% + VAT (min. 2,500 MAD) | Notary fees range from 0.5% to 1.5% of the property value and cover the preparation of legal documents, deed drafting, and registration services. Notary fees in Morocco are regulated. |
| Legal fees (lawyer) | 1%–5% (negotiable) + 10% VAT | Given the complexity of the Moroccan property registration and ownership system, engaging a lawyer is highly advisable. Legal fees are negotiable, typically ranging from 1% to 5% of the property value plus 10% VAT. |
| Mortgage arrangement fee | 1%–2% of loan amount | Mortgage arrangement fees generally amount to 1%–2% of the loan value and cover the bank’s processing and underwriting costs. |
| Property insurance (mandatory with mortgage) | 0.2%–0.5% per year | Property insurance is a compulsory condition of mortgage financing and typically costs between 0.2% and 0.5% of the property value each year. |
| Estate agent commission | 2.5%–5% | Real estate agent commissions commonly range from 2% to 5% of the sale price, depending on property value and prevailing market conditions. These fees are often shared between buyer and seller, though arrangements vary. |
| VAT on new properties | 18%–20% | For newly built properties, VAT constitutes a significant additional cost: 18% applies to primary residences and 20% to luxury properties or second homes valued above 2 million MAD. |
Morocco applies the same transaction tax rates to residents, foreigners, and companies at the point of initial acquisition — overseas buyers do not face higher purchase taxes than domestic buyers simply by virtue of their nationality. Currency conversion costs may, however, inflate the total: converting funds from a foreign account can add 0.5%–1% to overall expenditure. Some banks offer preferential exchange rates for mortgage-related transfers, so this is a point worth raising during loan negotiations.
Always verify current tax rates and fee structures with Morocco’s Direction Générale des Impôts (DGI), the country’s principal tax authority, or with a qualified local notary or legal professional, since rates are subject to amendment with each Finance Law.
What should foreign buyers know about currency exchange and transferring funds into Morocco?
Foreign investors are required to comply with foreign exchange control regulations administered by the Office des Changes. These rules are primarily concerned with the repatriation of invested capital or proceeds generated from the sale of Moroccan real estate. Funds used to finance a property purchase must flow through official banking channels, and any foreigner wishing to transfer out funds arising from a property sale must follow the prescribed declaration procedures and secure the necessary authorisations.
Where a purchase is funded using foreign currency, you will typically transfer funds via SWIFT into a Moroccan account and register the investment with the Office des Changes to establish convertibility for any future repatriation of rental income or sale proceeds. This step is not optional — it is the legal framework that protects your right to move money out of Morocco at a later date.
Non-resident buyers can obtain a Moroccan mortgage by opening a convertible dirham account and providing a down payment of at least 30% in foreign currency. Completing this correctly activates the repatriation guarantee, meaning that when the property is eventually sold, the borrower is entitled to transfer the proceeds back to their country of residence. Failing to structure the initial transaction properly can create serious difficulties in extracting your money from Morocco when the time comes.
Payments can be made directly in foreign currency or through automatic debit from a convertible dirham account. If you take out a dirham-denominated mortgage while earning income in another currency, you carry exchange rate exposure for the duration of the loan. The Moroccan dirham is relatively stable, but long-term investors should account for potential currency fluctuations in their financial planning.
A common and costly mistake is failing to establish a proper audit trail for funds entering Morocco at the time of purchase — and subsequently finding it difficult or impossible to repatriate sale proceeds. Retain all SWIFT transfer records, bank declarations, and Office des Changes documentation securely throughout your period of ownership. Refer to the Office des Changes for the current framework governing foreign investment and capital repatriation.
How do I apply for a mortgage in Morocco as a foreign national? Step-by-step
- Open a Moroccan bank account: Establishing a Moroccan bank account is a prerequisite for completing a property transaction. Many Moroccan banks permit overseas nationals to open accounts remotely or through their international branches, though some institutions may require at least one in-person visit. A convertible dirham account is the standard account type for foreign property buyers.
- Gather and translate your documentation: Assemble proof of income (payslips, tax returns, employment contract), your passport, bank statements, and documentation of any existing assets. All materials should be properly translated into French or Arabic, notarised, and apostilled in accordance with Moroccan requirements before submission.
- Identify your property and secure a preliminary agreement: The acquisition process typically begins with executing a preliminary sales agreement, accompanied by a deposit commonly set at 10%. Banks require property details to complete their loan assessment.
- Submit mortgage applications to multiple lenders: Approach at least two or three banks — including those with specialist international client services — and request formal loan quotations. Specialist brokers can assist in negotiating more favourable terms and may have access to products not available directly to the public.
- Receive and accept an agreement in principle: Once your application file is complete, the bank conducts a feasibility study, a process that typically takes between two and six weeks. An agreement in principle is issued on completion, followed by a final verification before funds are released.
- Complete notary due diligence: The notary obtains an ownership extract from the ANCFCC confirming the registered owner and any existing charges, and verifies planning consents and zoning. This title search is your principal safeguard against undisclosed encumbrances prior to signing the final deed.
- Declare funds to the Office des Changes: The foreign currency deposit must be transferred through direct exchange or by debit from your convertible dirham account, and the transaction must be formally declared to the Moroccan Office des Changes to establish eligibility for the repatriation guarantee.
- Sign the final deed (Acte de Vente) before the notary: The final sale deed is executed before the notary, who discharges the applicable taxes and fees and registers the ownership transfer at the Land Registry. Your title is updated and issued in your name at this stage.
- Register the mortgage and property at the ANCFCC: Following execution of the final deed, the property must be registered with the national land registry to secure full legal protection. The bank simultaneously registers its mortgage charge against the title.
Frequently asked questions: financing property in Morocco as a foreign national
What happens to my Moroccan mortgage if my visa or residency permit is not renewed?
A mortgage agreement entered into with a Moroccan bank is a civil financial contract and is not automatically cancelled by a change in your immigration status. Some lenders do, however, require borrowers to notify them of material changes to their residency situation. If you cease to live in Morocco, you revert to non-resident status, which may have implications for any conditions attached to a resident-rate mortgage. Raise this scenario with your bank before signing the loan agreement, and keep your lender updated on any changes to your status.
Does my foreign credit score carry any weight with Moroccan lenders?
Moroccan banks do not have access to international credit reporting systems, so your home-country credit score is not formally consulted during the assessment process. Instead, lenders conduct feasibility studies that examine income consistency, debt-to-income ratios, and the strength of offered guarantees. A well-documented history of stable earnings carries considerably more weight than any numerical credit rating from abroad.
Can I get a mortgage in Morocco if I am self-employed or run my own business?
Yes, though the requirements are more demanding. Banks favour applicants whose income is regular and thoroughly documented. Self-employed individuals will generally need to provide a minimum of two to three years of audited business accounts, tax returns, and evidence of consistent personal income distributions. A higher deposit and additional guarantees are also likely to be required.
What happens to my Moroccan mortgage if I want to relocate abroad again?
You can continue servicing a Moroccan mortgage from overseas by keeping your convertible dirham account active and making repayments via international transfer or standing order. Many non-resident borrowers do precisely this. If you wish to sell the property and settle the mortgage early, check whether your bank applies early repayment charges, and ensure that your sale proceeds are repatriated in full compliance with Office des Changes rules.
Is it possible to purchase a property in Morocco without a Moroccan bank account?
All purchase payments must pass through a convertible dirham account held in Morocco, ensuring both currency regulation compliance and proper documentation of the transfer. In practice, opening a Moroccan bank account is an essential prerequisite rather than an optional convenience. Without it, you cannot lawfully complete a property purchase or access the repatriation guarantee when you eventually sell.
Does buying property in Morocco entitle me to a residency visa or permit?
Morocco does not operate a golden visa or citizenship-by-investment programme tied to property acquisition, so purchasing a home will not automatically confer residency rights or a passport. Residency must be pursued through standard immigration channels, which operate independently of property ownership. That said, owning property may support a long-term residency application where other qualifying conditions are also satisfied.
Are riads or medina properties treated differently by lenders?
Riads located within historic medinas such as those in Marrakech or Fez frequently carry complicated ownership histories, making rigorous title verification especially important for foreign buyers. A significant proportion of older medina properties were never formally registered with the ANCFCC and therefore lack a titre foncier. Without a registered title, banks are unwilling to extend mortgage financing, as the property cannot be properly encumbered. Confirm the title status of any medina property at the outset, and allow additional time and budget for any title regularisation that may be required.
Are there any tax advantages available to foreign property owners in Morocco?
Morocco offers a number of favourable tax conditions to foreign buyers, including partial VAT exemptions and attractive fiscal arrangements for expatriate retirees. Foreign nationals do not face additional capital gains taxes or a differential rate when disposing of Moroccan property, as the profit foncier framework applies equally regardless of the seller’s nationality. Consult the Direction Générale des Impôts (DGI) and a qualified local tax adviser to identify which exemptions or reliefs apply to your particular circumstances.