citizenship

Russia – Citizenship

Foreign nationals can acquire Russian citizenship through a number of routes, among them naturalisation following five years of permanent residency, citizenship through ancestry, marriage to a Russian national, and pathways linked to investment or outstanding contributions. The full journey through

Romania – Citizenship

Romanian citizenship may be acquired through naturalisation following a period of lawful residence, through ancestry from a Romanian forebear, through marriage to a Romanian national, or through outstanding contributions to Romanian culture or civic life. The standard residency threshold stands

Qatar – Citizenship

Acquiring Qatari citizenship ranks among the most demanding naturalisation processes anywhere in the world. For most foreigners, the primary pathway is naturalisation following a minimum of 25 years of uninterrupted lawful residence, combined with demonstrated Arabic language ability, a clean

Portugal – Citizenship

Portugal provides several routes to citizenship, among them naturalisation following a period of legal residency (currently five years under the legislation in force, although pending reform proposals would extend this threshold), citizenship through ancestry, through marriage or civil partnership, and

Poland – Citizenship

Polish citizenship may be acquired through naturalisation following a qualifying period of residency (generally a minimum of three years on a permanent residence permit), through descent from a Polish ancestor, via a presidential grant, or by restoring citizenship that was

Philippines – Citizenship

There are several ways to acquire Philippine citizenship: through descent (jus sanguinis) if at least one parent is Filipino, through judicial or administrative naturalisation following a minimum of ten years of uninterrupted residence, or through reacquisition for those who were

Peru – Citizenship

Peru provides multiple pathways to citizenship, encompassing naturalisation following a period of legal residency, citizenship through ancestry (up to the third generation), and citizenship acquired through marriage to a Peruvian national. A significant legislative overhaul in August 2025 will raise

Panama – Citizenship

Panama provides multiple pathways to citizenship, with naturalisation after five years of continuous permanent residency being the most widely used route — shortened to three years for those who are married to a Panamanian national or who have children born

Oman – Citizenship

Acquiring Omani citizenship is a demanding undertaking governed by Royal Decree No. 17/2025, which superseded the previous nationality legislation dating from 2014. The principal pathways are naturalisation following a minimum of 15 years of uninterrupted lawful residence, citizenship through descent

Norway – Citizenship

Norwegian citizenship is accessible to foreign nationals who have legally resided in Norway for a minimum of seven to eight years, satisfy language and civic knowledge requirements, and have a clean criminal record. Additional pathways exist through descent, through marriage